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Sometimes it’s hard to tell if you need professional help for a problem or if you can handle it yourself. Whether it’s taking care of a common cold, fixing the sink, changing the oil in your car or doing your own taxes. The same question often arises about finances.

It happens all the time - financial questions pop up that you consider silly or stupid so you feel like you must handle alone and you don’t seek help. This is not the best course. As happens often in life, not reaching out to a professional can delay you reaching your goals and cause you to incur more out-of-pocket expenses and lots of headaches.

Here is the thing: there are no stupid questions when it comes to your finances. Don’t ever sit on the sidelines and fear asking a question or think you’re unqualified to go to a planner. Solid and respectable planners let you know if they can’t help you and refer a professional who can. They also let you know if they think you can plan your finances yourself.

Here are signs you may need a financial planner:

You Recently Married

To merge or not to merge finances is a huge question: emotions to contend with, forms to update, cash flow to track, debts to pay down, goals to lay out and spending habits and needs to reorganize and prioritize.

Communication during this transition helps you navigate possible questions about taxes, investment allocation updates, selecting benefits, joint roles in management of the household, deciding whether to maintain separate bank accounts and more.

You Own a Business

Whether considering starting your own business or a long-term entrepreneur, you likely need to know how to prioritize goals, pay yourself while keeping the operation running and the best way to manage cash flow on an income that fluctuates monthly.

Not to mention saving for retirement, obtaining health insurance and protecting you and your family against a loss in income from death or disability.

You Want to Make a Big Purchase

Simple budgeting often enables you to handle large purchases. If you look to buy a first home or make another sizeable investment, understanding the overall effect on your cash flow, lifestyle and future goals looms large.

How much home can you afford? What’s your budget for home maintenance? What other goals go on the back burner? What about your future savings?

You Make a Career Change

Job or career transitions also bring changes in income and benefits. Make sure you maximize your company benefits, leave no retirement accounts behind and ignored, plan appropriately for income fluctuations, take into account future job growth or career prospects and consider the transition’s overall influence on your lifestyle.

Your Family’s Growing

A baby comes with a slew of considerations: ensuring you have an emergency fund of three to six months’ expenses adjusting your spending for child care, groceries and medical costs and updating your estate plan and insurance coverage in case something happens to you, among many other needed updates.

A Better Way

The first step in asking for help always seems the hardest. The assistance and feedback may surprise you when you open up to the idea that you need not handle all financial questions solo.

And it makes the experience much more enjoyable.

They say appearances can be deceiving. In the case of gift giving, they might be right.

Consumers in the U.S. spend billions of dollars a year on wrapping gifts, in most cases to make their presents look as good as possible. This includes money spent on paper, boxes, ribbon and pretty bows.

While some people are particularly skilled at gift wrapping – with the perfect folds, carefully tied ribbons and bows – others aren’t quite cut out for it, and apparently would prefer washing dishes or cleaning the house.

Two colleagues and I wondered whether all that time and effort is actually worth it. Does a beautiful presentation actually lead to a better-liked gift? Or is it the other way around?

Sloppy Versus Neat

In a paper recently published by the Journal of Consumer Psychology, University of Nevada, Reno professors Jessica Rixom and Brett Rixom and I conducted three experiments to explore the impact of gift wrapping.

In the first experiment, we recruited 180 university students to come to a behavioral lab in Miami to participate in a research study described as an extra credit exercise. Upon arrival, each student was given an actual gift as a token of appreciation for their participation.

The gift was a coffee mug with the logo of one of two NBA basketball teams, the local Miami Heat or rival Orlando Magic, handed out at random. We knew that every participant was a fan of the Heat based on a prior survey – and that they explicitly didn’t support the Magic. The purpose was to ensure that we were giving half of the students a desirable gift, while the other half received something they did not want.

Finally, half of the gifts were wrapped neatly, while the rest looked slapdash.

After unwrapping, participants evaluated how much they liked their gifts. We found that those who received a sloppily wrapped gift liked their present significantly more than those who received a neatly wrapped gift – regardless of which mug they got.

Managing Expectations

To understand why, we recruited another set of students and asked them to view an image of either a neatly or sloppily wrapped gift and report their expectations about it prior to seeing what was inside.

Participants were then told to imagine opening the gift – which for everyone was a pair of JVC earbuds – and rate their actual attitudes toward it, allowing us to compare whether it matched their expectations or not.

Results showed that expectations were significantly higher for the neatly wrapped gifts compared with sloppily wrapped ones. However, after the reveal, participants receiving the neatly wrapped gift reported that it failed to live up to their expectations, while those who got the sloppily wrapped gift said it surpassed their expectations.

This suggests that people use the wrapping as a cue to how good the gift will be. Neat wrapping sets the bar for the gift too high, intimating that it will be a great present. Sloppy wrapping, on the other hand, sets low expectations, suggesting it’ll be a bad gift.

So a sloppily wrapped gift leads to pleasant surprise, while one that’s neat-looking results in disappointment.

Friends Versus Acquaintances

In our third and final experiment, we wanted to zero in on whether this effect depended on the relationship between the gift-giver and recipient. Does it matter if the giver is a close friend or just an acquaintance?

We surveyed a nationally representative sample of 261 adults and asked them to imagine being at a party with a secret gift exchange. At random, participants viewed images and imagined receiving either a neatly or sloppily wrapped gift. This time, we instructed half of them to imagine the gift was from a close friend, while the other half believed it came from an acquaintance. Then we revealed the gift and asked them to rate it.

When it came from a close friend, recipients ended up liking the sloppily wrapped gift more, just like in our other experiments. However, when the gift came from an acquaintance, recipients preferred it when it was neatly wrapped. This occurs because these participants used the wrapping as a cue to how much the gift-giver values their relationship – rather than to signal what’s inside. Neat wrapping implies the giver values their relationship.

A Pleasant Surprise

So if you’re stressing over gift wrapping this holiday season, consider saving yourself time, effort and money by wrapping your friends’ and family’s gifts haphazardly.

But if you’re planning to give a gift to someone you don’t know quite as well – a work colleague, for example – it’s probably worth it to show you put in some effort to make it look good with all of the neat folds, crisp edges and beautiful bows.

I, for one, am taking these results to heart. From now on, I’ll only wrap my wife’s gifts sloppily so she’ll always be pleasantly surprised no matter how good – or bad – the gift is.

As stock markets continue to reach new highs, we’re bombarded with economic data that seemingly points to why the markets will continue their march forward – or why they will retreat this fall. Consider some recent data-headlines:

While much of this economic data can prove useful as guideposts to your investing plans, wouldn’t it be more useful if the data was specific to you?

For example, do you care (as much) that average housing prices have jumped double-digits over the past year if you have no intention of moving for another 10 years? Probably not.

Maybe it would be more helpful to receive macroeconomic data through your personal filters, so you could use that data to inform your investing decisions and retirement planning?

Real Gross Domestic Product

On August 26th, the Bureau of Economic Analysis reported that real gross domestic product (GDP) increased at an annual rate of 6.6% in the second quarter of 2021. But do you truly know what that “real GDP” means?

In very simple terms, the GDP of a country is an estimate of the total value of all the goods and services it produced during a specific period, usually a quarter or a year. It can be calculated by adding up all of the money spent by consumers, businesses, and government in a certain period (it may also be calculated by adding up all of the money received by all the participants in the economy). That number is called "nominal GDP" and once adjusted to remove any effects due to inflation, then we have the "real GDP.”

The real GDP is a number followed closely by Wall Street and economists as it represents a very broad measure of our country’s overall production and serves as a very comprehensive metric of the overall economic health of our country.

But seeing that GDP for the second quarter stood at $22.7 trillion might not be as useful to most of us, so it is often best used as a point of comparison from previous periods.

In other words, did our nation’s economy grow or contract compared to the previous quarter or year? (Relative to the first quarter of the year, our economy grew more – 6.6% versus 6.3%).

What is Your Household’s GDP?

While GDP is a useful measure of our nation’s economic health, have you considered calculating your household’s GDP? 

Here is an explanation of the recent increase in GDP from the Bureau of Economic Analysis:

“The increase in real GDP in the second quarter reflected increases in personal consumption expenditures (PCE), nonresidential fixed investment, exports, and state and local government spending that were partly offset by decreases in private inventory investment, residential fixed investment, and federal government spending. Imports, which are a subtraction in the calculation of GDP, increased.

The increase in PCE reflected increases in services (led by food services and accommodations) and goods (led by "other" nondurable goods, notably pharmaceutical products, as well as clothing and footwear). The increase in nonresidential fixed investment reflected increases in intellectual property products (led by research and development as well as software) and equipment (led by transportation equipment). The increase in exports reflected an increase in goods (led by nonautomotive capital goods) and services (led by travel). The decrease in private inventory investment was led by a decrease in retail trade inventories. The decrease in federal government spending primarily reflected a decrease in nondefense spending on intermediate goods and services. In the second quarter, nondefense services decreased as the processing and administration of Paycheck Protection Program loan applications by banks on behalf of the federal government declined.”

Calculating your household’s GDP on a quarterly or yearly basis – and comparing it to the previous quarter or year – might be a useful exercise for you to determine the economic health of your household.

It would surely be useful as you think through your retirement goals and plans.

As Christmas sales loom, we face an endless array of sparkly, shiny and occasionally innovative items. As an investor, you run into a similar phenomenon that requires you to ask, “Are investment offerings truly innovative, or simply improvements to existing technologies and services?”

Creating new products is far from a sure thing, of course. In fact, a study of more than 500 executives revealed that while almost one in five rated innovation as a top strategic priority and two-thirds depend on innovation for long-term strategy success, many companies expressed disappointment in returns from investments in innovation.

That said, investing in the right innovation – Facebook and not Myspace, for instance – brings a bonanza. Companies widely acknowledge that new products drive real growth. Your best investment strategy may well be firms’ unceasing need to move forward.

The History of Your Future

Consider the book Generations: The History of America’s Future, published in 1991 and written by William Strauss and Neill Howe. Although it has nothing to do with investing and offered little economic insight, its messages can be extended to how we invest.

The book’s two primary messages: First, we tend to get along better with our grandparents than with our parents, or at least identify more closely with our grandparents’ beliefs and behaviors more than with than our parents’.

Second, each generation approaches development and discovery in a different manner from that of the preceding generation. One generation creates, and the next generation extends or improves on the innovation.

Innovation or Re-Gifting?

For example, folks born in the 1880s invented many things we use today, such as phones and radios. The next generation, born in the 1920s, largely improved everything they touched. The first generation made the cars, and the next added air conditioning, automatic transmissions and power windows.

Today, we see that baby boomers created many innovative technologies that affect how we communicate, such as cellphones and the Internet. The current young generation makes the boomers’ innovations better, faster, cheaper and more accessible. Suddenly, today’s business environment seems flush with billionaires younger than 30.

Many of these young and rich entrepreneurs made fortunes in relatively new technologies that didn’t exist when they were born: social networking, mobile applications and cloud-storage computing systems.

This phenomenon is both fascinating and important to understand as an investor. In years past, 20-somethings invented or improved, depending on their generation. These people were often older than 40 before their voices resonated in global markets and changed the world in general – and the business world especially.

The Big Money is in Innovation

Today, innovation, introduction and acceptance move at warp speed. Take cellphones, which Americans hang on to longer than in recent times but still replace (usually with an upgrade) less than every two years.

Changes range from easier access via emerging technologies to ripples in capital markets. Speed and change remain undeniable and important and increasingly harder to ignore for long.

Recollecting the frenzy of your recent Christmas shopping, did you notice the so-called new offerings, and ask yourself if they were improvements on existing products and services or true innovations?

The answer sheds light on the areas where financial resources flow. Do capital markets invest in areas that make televisions bigger and brighter? Absolutely.

Are manufacturers able to charge more for the products? It doesn’t appear so. The big money seems to be in innovations, particularly if you want to get wealthy before middle age.

Something to think about as we invest.

Financial capacity – the ability to manage your finances in your own best interest – involves everything from paying bills to reading a brokerage statement and weighing an investment's potential risks and rewards. And preparing for the potential decline of that capacity is as important as planning for long-term-care expenses or keeping your estate plan up to date. Declining financial abilities may not only result in a few unpaid bills but also leave you vulnerable to financial abuse and exploitation, drain your nest egg, and place heavy burdens on your loved ones.

Nobody likes to think about financial decision-making ability declining with age. Yet "it's extremely common. In fact, I might say it's inevitable," says Daniel Marson, a neurology professor at the University of Alabama at Birmingham. While many people assume they'll only need help managing their finances if they develop dementia, the normal aging process can adversely affect faculties such as short-term memory and "fluid" intelligence, or the ability to process new information, Marson says. "Just the fact that you're 70 or 80 years old may be impacting your financial skills," he says, "quite apart from the fact of whether you have Alzheimer's or any cognitive disorder of aging."

To be sure, many people remain perfectly capable of managing their own money as they age. Indeed, among people ages 18 to 86, credit scores increase by an average of 13 points for each decade lived, according to a recent study by researchers at University of California Riverside and Columbia University.

Yet all older adults should consider organizing and simplifying their finances to make their money easier to manage at an advanced age and prepare for the possibility that someone else may need to step in to help.

Early Planning is Key

As the population ages, regulators, lawyers, doctors and financial advisers are becoming more vigilant in watching for signs of diminished financial capacity. More financial advisers are getting advance written permission from older clients to speak with a trusted family member or friend if concerns arise about the client's financial decision-making. The North American Securities Administrators Association approved a model rule that requires financial advisers to report suspected financial exploitation of seniors to the state securities regulator and adult protective services. And the Investor Protection Trust, a nonprofit investor education organization, is training doctors and lawyers to recognize when older people may be vulnerable to financial abuse.

But seniors themselves, along with family members and close friends, may be best positioned to recognize signs of diminishing capacity. And simply watching for red flags isn't enough. It's best to start planning for possible problems before warning signs appear.

Keep It Simple

Your first step: Organize and simplify your finances. Complex investments and scattered bank, brokerage and retirement accounts raise the odds that you, or someone acting on your behalf, will make costly financial mistakes. Spreading your assets across many different accounts also makes it tougher for financial institutions to detect fraud in your accounts.

Take a hard look at each of your accounts and challenge yourself to describe its purpose in one sentence. Is the account meant to generate income to help cover daily living expenses? Is it an emergency fund? Or is it a legacy you plan to leave to your child? Consider writing that sentence at the top of each of your most recent account statements. That can help you – and anyone who might later help manage your money – think about how to allocate and rebalance those accounts.

To further simplify your financial life, automate bill payments, and arrange for direct deposit of regular income sources, such as Social Security. To minimize solicitations and reduce the risk of fraud, put your telephone number on the National Do Not Call Registry by going to www.donotcall.gov or calling 888-382-1222.

Once you've simplified your finances, make a list of all your assets along with key contacts such as financial advisers, accountants, insurance agents and lawyers. Such a list can be "a lifesaver" after someone has lost capacity "and you have no idea how many accounts they have, who their attorney is or where their tax documents are.

A Helping Hand

Next, consider whom you might trust with all the information you've just organized. Which family members, friends or professionals might help you manage your money as you age?

One place to start: If your spouse generally steers clear of all things financial, get him or her involved now. Financial novices who are suddenly forced to take over household money management – perhaps because a spouse has become incapacitated – are particularly vulnerable to making costly mistakes, according to a recent study by the Center for Retirement Research at Boston College. Make sure your spouse knows how to handle things in case something happens to you.

Next, consider getting another trusted family member or friend involved in your finances. This doesn't mean turning over the keys to your financial life. Instead, you're helping that person learn how you manage your money – in case she needs to take some control later on – and getting another set of eyes to help you watch for unpaid bills or suspicious activity.

If you need additional help, and no close friends or relatives are up to the task, consider hiring a daily money manager to help pay the bills, deal with creditors and organize tax documents, among other services. Expect to pay anywhere from $50 to $150 per hour or more, depending on where you live and the level of service provided.

The profession is essentially unregulated, so it's critical to vet a daily money manager carefully. Ask how long they have been working as a daily money manager, whether they carry errors and omissions insurance, and whether they have any professional certification. The American Association of Daily Money Managers offers a "professional daily money manager" certification, which requires a criminal background check and passing a written exam, among other requirements. You can search for managers who have earned that designation at www.aadmm.com. The money manager should also be able to provide references and send regular reports to the client and trusted family members detailing all financial activity.

Long-Term Considerations

As family members begin to help out informally, it may be tempting to add a relative's name to your bank account so that person can help pay the bills. That may work fine as a short-term solution, but it shouldn't be your primary long-term plan for dealing with a potential loss of financial capacity. Joint accounts can easily lead to disputes over misuse of funds, inheritance and other issues. If you add your daughter's name to your bank account, for example, that account will go to her when you die, even if you intended to split your money evenly among your children.

Instead of relying on such ad hoc arrangements, all seniors should have a durable power of attorney for finances. With this document, you designate someone you trust, known as your "agent," to manage your finances. The "durable" part is key – that means the power of attorney remains in effect even if you become incapacitated. While you have capacity, you can always change your agent or revoke the document completely.

Placed in the wrong hands, a poorly crafted power of attorney leaves the door wide open for financial abuse and exploitation. So, it's critical to not only choose an agent--and backup agents – whom you trust completely, but also to work with a lawyer well-versed in elder law when preparing the document. Find elder-law attorneys in your area at the National Academy of Elder Law Attorneys website.

To minimize the risk of abuse, the power of attorney can limit the agent's ability to make gifts or transfer assets to a certain dollar amount and restrict changes in life-insurance and retirement-plan beneficiaries.

The more you trust your agent, however, the more flexibility you'll have to customize the power of attorney to meet your needs. Seniors concerned about planning for long-term-care costs, for example, might grant the agent extraordinary powers such as the ability to transfer assets to a trust. If you're facing nursing-home costs of $100,000 a year and hoping to rely on Medicaid while preserving some assets for your spouse's living expenses, a power of attorney that grants such broader authority may be critical.

Having power of attorney does not give your agent the authority to handle your Social Security benefits. If the Social Security Administration is alerted to the fact that you may need help managing your money, it will investigate; a family member or friend can request such an investigation. Then, if necessary, the agency will select a "representative payee" to manage your benefits. Payees are generally family members or close friends, and the administration says it will consider the wishes of beneficiaries when making the selection. But in practice, many people never need a representative payee because their benefits are directly deposited into a bank account that's accessible to their agent under a financial power of attorney.

The time to take all these planning steps, of course, is well before you have problems managing your money. But no matter where they are in the planning process, seniors and their loved ones should keep watch for signs that financial capacity is slipping. That may be a signal to accelerate your planning or reach out to trusted family members for help.

Six Warning Signs

There are at least six key warning signs to watch for. Is it taking Mom much longer than it did previously to pay the bills or perform other financial tasks? Is she having trouble understanding visual financial information, such as reading her bank statement? Is she having trouble doing mental math, such as figuring the tip in a restaurant? Is there a loss of conceptual understanding, such as confusion about why she needs to make her mortgage payments? Is her once-tidy desk now stacked with old, unopened mail? And is she investing more aggressively than she did in the past, focusing on the potential benefits of an investment rather than the risks?

Remember, these issues are only warning signs if they represent a change from the person's prior behavior. But once you start seeing warning signs, don't ignore them because usually, bad things happen in their wake.

How do you carve up your portfolio pie to minimize risk and protect it from market troubles, like what we saw through Thanksgiving of 2018, for example?

Do you even remember that through Thanksgiving week 2018, the S&P 500 went negative, led by the FAANG group which officially entered bear market territory after dropping more than 20% from their 52-week highs? Probably not.

Do you even remember that shortly after Thanksgiving 2018, the S&P 500 kept posting red numbers on its way to a -9.18% return for the month of December 2018? Probably not.

Hopefully you will remember this: the best way to carve up your portfolio pie is through smart asset allocation, aided by diversification and rebalancing.

Diversification and Asset Allocation

Diversification means the mathematical process of reducing risk through the use of many different types of assets. Diversification combines mutual funds, ETFs, closed-end funds, stocks, bonds and other securities that are not correlated. In other words, one asset class typically zigs while the other zags. 

Asset allocation is when risk versus reward is balanced, according to the risk capacity, risk tolerance, time frame and goals of the investor. Many people believe that when they have more investments, it means they are more diversified.

Wrong.

Asset Allocation Pie

When allocating assets, you need to do two things:

  1. Find asset classes that are distinct and don’t overlap. You are not as diversified as you think if they do.
  2. Examine how they interact with each other. Different classes tend to do different things at different times.

So, it is not necessarily how many pieces you have in your pie, but what makes up the ingredients of the pieces to begin with. You have the entire global economy to locate them. You could cut the pie into very tiny pieces. However, those likely would be similar to other tiny pieces nearby.

A Better Pie

Work from the broader big picture on down, using specific investments for defined asset classes. And pay attention to rebalancing.

Rebalancing is a financial planning tool designed to get your portfolio back to your original allocation target. Why? Because with time your allocation drifts, and you take on a different risk profile as a result of this drift.

Rebalancing Your Pie

Let’s assume you are not investing in individual stocks, which may go to zero for a complete loss. Instead you invest in index funds, which give you steadier diversification.  By definition, all the companies in the index would need to go to zero for you to suffer a complete loss.

Let’s also assume you have a global asset allocation with indexed exposure to many different asset classes. What happens when, say, your Energy index fund declines and now makes up a smaller piece of your portfolio than you want in your asset allocation pie (the Energy sector is down over 40% YTD through November 20th)?

Or if the Information Technology portion of your portfolio is too big (the Information Technology sector is up over 30% through November 20th)?

Your next step is to rebalance.

You sell off a portion of your portfolio that has expanded too much and buy into the asset class that has declined. In other words, you sell some of the Information Technology index fund and buy more of the Energy index fund (this is just for illustrative purposes and not a recommendation to buy or sell one asset class for another by the way).

Remember the old saying, “Buy low, sell high?” Well, rebalancing means you are doing just that, except you sell high first, then buy low. You sell some of what has gone up to buy more of what has gone down, thus restoring your desired asset allocation pie and remaining consistent with your risk profile.

But beware: selling “winners” and buying “losers” goes against the grain emotionally, of course. So, you make this a regimen in order to eliminate some of the emotional challenges.

Pies and Financial Planning

You probably make pretty good pies. Your pies might even rival those from your grandmother. But asset allocation pies might taste better when constructed by a professional baker – your financial advisor.

But most importantly, know that your financial advisor will create an asset allocation pie specifically tailored to your tastes (financial planning).

Happy Thanksgiving.

Strong Valley Wealth & Pension was a gold star sponsor and participated in this day of honor to show gratitude for the sacrifices made for us to enjoy the lives we live. 

This important “In Their Honor” golf tournament originally began in 2005 with a very small field of close friends, in commemoration of Corporal Jeremiah Baro and Lance Corporal Jared Hubbard who were killed in action in 2004.  However, the brothers of Jared Hubbard immediately joined the Army to honor their brother. The youngest of the boys, Nathan Hubbard, was killed in action in 2007 leaving the oldest brother Jason no choice but to return home. In consideration of family and sacrifice, the Hubbard Act was passed in July of 2008 by President Bush; allowing the sole survivor of families to take Honorably Discharge and return home with full benefits.

Today the Annual Veterans Day tournament honors eight graduates of Buchanan High School: Rowan Walter, Jared Hubbard, Jeremiah Baro, Anthony Butterfield, Matthew Abbate, Brian Piercy, Nathan Hubbard, and Nicholas Eischen, now known as the “Buchanan Eight.”

As our troops return home, many struggle with injuries and health conditions that make the challenges of life even more demanding. Our contribution helps with the rehabilitation needs of many, assisting in the inexperienced battles with both physical and emotional disabilities. Our local Veteran’s Affairs Medical Center does their part to help get these men and women the treatment and care they deserve, with hopes they too can live the American Dream.

A business will is far more than a legal document designed to transfer assets upon the death of an owner or partner. It is a comprehensive estate planning tool that can include everything from management plans, and other documents necessary for a company’s continued operation and future health, to shareholder buy-sell agreements.

An estate planning team consisting of a lawyer, accountant, and qualified financial and insurance professionals can help you develop a business will, including all necessary documentation. There are established methods for transition that can help leave your company and successor management free from unnecessary worry or jeopardy. In addition, through carefully planned life insurance and disability income insurance, the transition can be properly funded to help avoid substantial losses that might otherwise occur.

A business will should be clearly written to address such questions as:

Points to Consider

A business will is essential for sole proprietorships and partnerships because they must cease operation upon the death of an owner or partner. If a family member or executor attempts to operate the business without the proper authority that can be granted through a will, he or she may be held personally liable for all debts incurred and any decline in the value of the business. In contrast, the deceased’s heirs are entitled to all profits from the business.

For sole proprietors the business ends and the business assets and liabilities become the assets and liabilities of the estate. If a sole proprietor does not want to change the form of business ownership, but does want to retain the business, the planning concerns involving the administration of the business during the estate settlement period, and the continuation of the business after the estate has been settled, need to be addressed. The proprietor’s will must give the executor certain powers during the period of estate administration such as: 1) the power to retain the business interest indefinitely; 2) the power to do everything possible to operate the business successfully; 3) the power to re-organize the business, incorporate it, or merge it with another business; and 4) the power to borrow money, if necessary, to help the estate meet its need for liquidity.

Some objectives can also be accomplished while the owner is alive—through the purchase of shares by the successor owner or manager, or through the creation of a corporation, which has continuing life as long as a shareholder is competent to vote the stock and make business decisions.

In Transition

To effect a smooth transition, upon the owner’s death, suppliers and customers should be notified through appropriate means that a successor business is in place and will assume the responsibilities and obligations of the prior business.

The surviving spouse should be kept informed of decisions regarding the succession or disposition of the business— for his or her own welfare, as well as to help maintain the stability of the company throughout the transition.

Employees need not be given specific details of the transition or confidential information, but they will appreciate being informed that arrangements have been made to safeguard their welfare.

In Your Best Interest

Planning for the transition of the business you have spent many years building is not an easy task. However, taking steps now to prepare a business will and the accompanying documents can help ensure your business continues according to your wishes.

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